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The Utilization of Heterosis in Common Carp in China

Document format: pdf

Publisher: Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific

Creation date: June 2002

Common carp Cyprinus carpio is one of the principal cultured species in China. The production of cultured common carp reached 2.05 million tons in 1999 and accounted for 20 percent of total freshwater fish production. Since the farming of this fish extends back to ancient times, common carp has a wide distribution in China. As a result of long-term selection (both natural and artificial), common carp populations have acquired a great deal of genetic diversity - there is a great deal of polymorphism in its phenotype and genotype and its genetic structure has high heterozygosity. This heterosis provides the opportunity to improve the productivity of carp through selective breeding. The utilization of heterosis in selective breeding is an effective way to improve fish quality and increase fish production. Since 1970s, Chinese fisheries scientists have made broad studies on the utilization of heterosis in common carp and achieved significant results. Traits in which crossbreeds express heterosis include improved survival, growth and tolerance to cold and specific diseases.

Key Words: NACA • China • Carp • Heterosis • Selective Breeding • FAO