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Use of Probiotics in Larval Rearing of New Candidate Species

Document format: pdf

Publisher: Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific

Creation date: June 2003

India is a rich country blessed with enormous an wealth of natural resources but unfortunately both terrestrial and aquatic resources are declining due to various anthropogenic stresses. On one hand our aquatic resources are dwindling and we are losing precious genetic resources and on the other hand neither do we have a contingency plan nor do we have an appropriate technology for culture of most of the endemic cultivable food and ornamental species. One solution to this problem may be the domestication and culture of new candidate species, which include Labeo gonius, L. dero, L. calbasu, Notopterus sp., Tor sp., Mystus sp., Pangasius pangasius, Lates calcarifer, Mugil cephalus and other endemic ornamental fishes and shrimps. There are several bottlenecks in achieving the target of profitable culture of new candidate species. The larval rearing of these fishes in captivity is not so easy. In most experiments survival rate is very poor. The reasons may be food, water nutrients and/or diseases. In India the average survival rate of shrimp larvae is reported to be around 25-30 percent while in Thailand the average survival is around 50-60 percent. Hence for success in culture of candidate species we must ensure quality feed, good environment and disease free seeds and juveniles. Antibiotics have sometimes been used to reduce disease, however indiscriminate use has in some cases led to increased antibiotic resistance and problem of tissue residues and trade issues. Vaccines are successfully used in other livestock industries but there are no vaccines currently available for most of the fish diseases in this region. So how can we prevent disease and improve the growth of fish at aquafarms? Obviously effective farm management practices are crucial and there are many management issues that need to be addressed. However, one measure that might be of assistance is the use of probiotics.

Key Words: NACA • India • Probiotics • Farm Management Practices • Disease Prevention • Larvae Production • Seed and Fry Production • FAO